Çalışmaya göre metastatik prostat kanserli hastalarda hastaları cerrahi olarak kastrasyon sağlamak, ilaçla elde edilen (LHRH anoloğu) kastrasyon ile aynı sonuçlara sahip fakat yan etki olarak daha iyi sonuçlara sahip.
Cerrahi olarak kastrasyon, kemik fraktürü, emboli, periferik arter hastalığı, iskemik kardiyak olayları yönünden medikal kastrasyona göre daha az yan etkilere sahip olduğu saptanmış.
Diabet gelişmesi ve hafıza bozukluğu iki tedavi arasında benzer bulunmuş. Ama 35 aydan daha fazla LHRH ile medikal kastarasyon yapılanlarda diabet daha fazla görülmüş.
Sonuç: Cerrahi kastrasyon benzer etkinlik göstermek ile beraber, ilaçla yapılan kastrasyona göre daha az yan etkilere sahiptir.
Kaynak:
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists vs Orchiectomy for Androgen-Deprivation Therapy
JAMA Oncology
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TAKE-HOME MESSAGE
• Data from the SEER database were evaluated to assess the adverse effects of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer delivered as gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) or bilateral orchiectomy. Patients treated surgically had a significantly lower risk for any fracture, peripheral arterial disease, and cardiac complications than those treated medically. There was no difference in the rate of diabetes or cognitive disorders between the two groups initially, but the risk for diabetes increased in those taking GnRHa for >35 months.
• For patients with prostate cancer requiring ADT, medical treatment with GnRHa carries higher risks of significant complications than surgical treatment with bilateral orchiectomy.
Abstract
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IMPORTANCE
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) through surgical castration is equally effective as medical castration in controlling prostate cancer (PCa). However, the adverse effect profiles of both ADT groups have never been compared.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a comparative effectiveness analysis of the adverse effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) vs bilateral orchiectomy in a homogeneous population.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
A population-based cohort of 3295 men with metastatic PCa between January 1995 and December 2009 66 years or older was selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Medicare-linked database.
EXPOSURES
Orchiectomy or GnRHa.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Any fractures, peripheral arterial disease, venous thromboembolism, cardiac-related complications, diabetes mellitus, and cognitive disorders. To minimize treatment group biases, the inverse probability of treatment was weighted using the propensity score. Multivariable competing risk regression models were performed with the adjustment of all-cause mortality. Secondary analyses examined the effect of increasing duration of GnRHa treatment. Multivariable logistic regression models examined expenditures.
RESULTS
Overall, 3295 men with a primary diagnosis of metastatic PCa treated with GnRHa or orchiectomy were identified between years 1995 and 2009, and in adjusted analyses, patients who received a bilateral orchiectomy had significantly lower risks of experiencing any fractures (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62-0.94; P = .01), peripheral arterial disease (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.49-0.87; P = .004), and cardiac-related complications (HR, 0.74; 0.58-0.94; P = .01) compared with those treated with GnRHa. No statistically significant difference was noted between orchiectomy and GnRHa for diabetes and cognitive disorders. In individuals treated with GnRHa for 35 months or more, the increased risk for GnRHa compared with orchiectomy was noted for fractures (HR, 1.80), peripheral arterial disease (HR, 2.25), venous thromboembolism (HR, 1.52), cardiac-related complications (HR, 1.69), and diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.88) (P ≤ .01 for all). At 12 months after PCa diagnosis, the median total expenditures was not significantly different between GnRHa and orchiectomy.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy is associated with higher risks of several clinically relevant adverse effects compared with orchiectomy.
